IT (402) Class-IX
Book- Database Entry Operator
Unit-1 Introduction to IT & ITes Industries
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Short answer questions:
1. What do you understand by the term IT and ITeS?
Answer: IT stands for Information Technology, which encompasses the use of computers, networks, software, and other digital tools to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data. ITeS stands for Information Technology-enabled Services, referring to services that leverage IT to deliver various solutions such as customer support, data entry, and software development.
2. What are the pros and cons of using ICT?
Answer: The pros of using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) include increased efficiency, enhanced communication, improved access to information, and opportunities for innovation. However, the cons may include issues related to privacy and security, digital divide, dependency, and potential job displacement.
3. What precautions are required to ensure that ICT use is safe?
Answer: Precautions to ensure safe ICT use include using strong passwords, regularly updating software and antivirus programs, avoiding suspicious links and emails, practicing safe browsing habits, and implementing security measures such as firewalls and encryption.
4. What are the four main sub-sectors in the IT-BPM industry?
Answer: The four main sub-sectors in the IT-BPM (Information Technology-Business Process Management) industry are software development, IT services, business process outsourcing (BPO), and knowledge process outsourcing (KPO).
5. Give examples of the use of IT in everyday life.
Answer: Examples of the use of IT in everyday life include online shopping, social media networking, mobile banking, streaming entertainment services, and using GPS navigation apps.
6. How is IT used in libraries?
Answer: IT is used in libraries for tasks such as cataloging and indexing books, managing library databases, providing online access to resources, offering digital lending services, and facilitating research through online databases and electronic journals.
7. What are the various processes of education where IT is used?
Answer: Various processes of education where IT is used include online learning platforms, digital classrooms, educational websites and apps, computer-based assessments, multimedia presentations, and virtual reality simulations.
8. Which software are used in digital communication?
Answer: Software used in digital communication includes email clients (e.g., Microsoft Outlook, Gmail), instant messaging apps (e.g., WhatsApp, Slack), video conferencing tools (e.g., Zoom, Skype), and social media platforms (e.g., Facebook, Twitter).
9. For what purpose is IT used in business?
Answer: IT is used in business for various purposes such as improving efficiency through automation, enhancing communication with stakeholders, analyzing data for decision-making, managing customer relationships, and facilitating e-commerce transactions.
10. Which are the prominent areas where IT is used in science and engineering?
Answer: Prominent areas where IT is used in science and engineering include computational modeling and simulation, data analysis and visualization, CAD/CAM (Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing), remote sensing, and automation in manufacturing processes.
11. List the various uses of IT in a banking system.
Answer: Various uses of IT in a banking system include online banking services, ATM operations, mobile banking apps, electronic funds transfer systems, fraud detection and prevention, and customer relationship management (CRM) software.
12. Which are the different areas of healthcare where IT is used? And how?
Answer: Different areas of healthcare where IT is used include electronic health records (EHR) management, telemedicine services, medical imaging and diagnostics, health information exchange (HIE) networks, and healthcare analytics for improving patient care and operational efficiency.
13. List any 5 websites of the Indian government which provide IT-enabled services to the people.
Answer: Some websites of the Indian government that provide IT-enabled services to the people include:
1. National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) - negp.gov.in
2. Digital India - digitalindia.gov.in
3. MyGov - mygov.in
4. National Portal of India - india.gov.in
5. Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) - meity.gov.in
Q 1. What do you understand by the term IT and ITeS?
Ans-
IT | ITes |
Information Technology (IT) means creating, managing, storing and exchanging information. IT includes all types of technology used to deal with information, such as computer hardware and software technology used for creating, storing, and transferring information | Information Technology that enables the business by improving the quality of service is Information Technology enabled Services (ITeS). ITeS is also called web-enabled services or remote services that cover the entire operations which exploit Information Technology for improving the efficiency of an organisation. |
Ex-Computer, input, process, output devices, mobile, internet, etc. | Ex- all offices like call centres, payrolls, logistics management, revenue claims processing, medical billing, coding, medical transcription, legal databases, back office operations, content development, GIS (geographical information system), web services and Human Resource (HR) services, etc. |
Q2) What are the pros and cons of using ICT?
Ans-
Pros
/Advantages using ICT
|
Cons
/Disadvantages using ICT
|
1. Communication -
Speed / time – money can be saved because it’s much quicker to move
information around. With the help of ICT it has become quicker and more efficient.
2.
Globalization - Video conferencing saves money on
flights and accommodation. ICT has not only brought the countries and people
closer together, but it has allowed the world's economy to become a single
interdependent system to contact either a business or family member.
3.
Cost effectiveness - It feels free to send an email (although it isn’t); it’s
without doubt cheaper than phone calls. ICT has also helped to automate
business practices, thus restructuring businesses to make them exceptionally cost effective.
4. Greater Availability - ICT has made it possible for businesses to be automated giving clients access to a website or voicemail 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
5. Bridging the cultural gap – Greater access to technology has helped to bridge the cultural gap by helping people from different cultures to communicate with one another, and allow for the exchange of views and ideas, thus increasing awareness and reducing prejudice.
6. Creation of new jobs - Probably, the best advantage of ICT has been the creation of new and interesting jobs.
7. Education – Computer’s along with their programs and the Internet have created educational opportunities not available to previous generations.
8. Through ICT , images can easily be used in teaching and improving the retentive memory of student.
9. Complex structure - through ICT, teachers can easily explain complex structure ,instruction and ensure students comprehension.
10. Through ICT , teachers are able to create interactive classrooms and make the lesson more enjoyable..
|
1. Education –
Computer’s along with their programs and the Internet have created
educational opportunities not available to previous generations.
2. Lack of job
security – Experts in a wide variety of fields believe that ICT has made job
security a big issue, since technology keeps on changing nearly every day.
This means that individuals need to be constantly studying or at least keeping up with changes in their
profession, if they want to feel secure in their jobs to be secure.
3. Overriding
Cultures - While ICT may have made the world a global village, it has also
contributed to one culture consuming another weaker one. For example, it is
now argued that teenagers in the US influence how most young teenagers
all over the world now act, dress, and behave
4. Privacy - Though information technology may have made communication quicker, easier, and more convenient, it has also brought along privacy issues. From cell phone signal interceptions to e-mail hacking, people are now worried about their once private information becoming public knowledge.
5. Reliance on Technology – Professor Ian Robertson, a neuropsychology expert based at Trinity College Dublin who carried out the study, said: “People have more to remember these days, and they are relying on technology for their memory but the less you use of your memory, the poorer it becomes. . people don’t bother learning to spell because they use spell-checker, or need a calculator do perform minor addition or subtraction.
6. Reliability of Information – Anyone with access to a computer and an internet connection internet can start a blog or post something up on a website, so just because something’s on the web doesn't mean it’s reliable. A prime example of this is the open source encyclopedia, Wikipedia, although considered a good source of information it is not recognized by academic institutions as a trustworthy reference.
7. Computer viruses, worms, Trojans, malware, spam, phishing- any or all can cause chaos and disrupt our daily lives
8. Setting - setting up the device can be very trouble some.
9. Expansive - too expansive to afford.
10. Lack of experience - hard for teachers to use with a lack of experience using ICT tools.
|
Q3) What precautions are required to ensure that ICT use is safe?
Ans- One should install protective software's like antivirus which can
help to reduce any damage to the data present in the computer, from
malfunction, data erasing, heatup's etc.
- create backup of data on a
regular basis. One must always have a backup storage whether on icloud or
somewhere else, to help regain information in case any data may be lost.
Q4) What are the three main sub-sectors in the IT-BPM industry?
Ans
(a)
Multinational Companies (MNCs):
(b)
Indian Service Providers (ISPs)
(c)
Global In-house Centers (GIC)
Q5) Give examples of use of IT in
everyday life.
Ans-In our daily life, we use washing
machines, microwave oven and many other products using which have embedded
software. We can store all the information about our important work,
appointments schedules and list of contacts in a computer
Q6) How is IT used in libraries?
Ans-Nowadays many libraries are
computerised. Each book has a barcode associated with it. This makes it easier
for the library to a keep track of books and the availability of a specific
book. Computer software is used to issue and return the book.
Q7) What are the various processes of education where IT is used?
Ans- There are many ways in which the ICT is used for education in the classroom, such as
• e-learning classrooms;
•
smart-board presentations;
•
videos on experiments;
•
creation of images and video;
•
desktop publishing of magazines,
letters and documents;
•
educational games;
•
learning using the CD-ROM media; and
•
gathering educational
information on the Internet.
Q8) Which software are used in
digital communication?
Ans-We use computers for email,
chatting, FTP, telnet and video conferencing.
Q9) For what purpose is IT used in business?
Ans-Computers are used in business
organisations for payroll calculation, budgeting, sales analysis, financial
forecasting, managing and maintaining stocks. A lot of business transactions
happen through Internet called e- commerce. IT facilitates marketing, customer
visit, product browsing, shopping basket checkout, tax and shopping, receipt
and process order.
Q10) Which are the prominent areas
where IT is used in science and engineering?
Ans-Scientists and
engineers use computers for performing complex scientific calculations,
Computer Aided Design (CAD) or Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) applications
are used for drawing, designing and for simulating and testing the designs.
Q11) List the various uses of IT in
a banking system.
Ans- Recurring deposits (e-RD),
Fixed deposits (e-FD),
money transfer from one
account to another (NEFT, RTGS), online transactions are done using Internet.
Capital market transactions, financial analysis and related services are available in online platforms. Bank customers
use Automated Teller Machines (ATM) for cash deposits and withdrawal, or to view current balance.
Q12) Which are the different areas of healthcare where IT is used? And
how?
Ans-ICT is used in the health sector in numerous
ways.
1)
Hospital
Management System is used to maintain and manage patients’ records as well as
various activities pertaining to hospital administration.
2)
The
computerised machines are used for ECG, EEG, Ultrasound and CT Scan.
3)
The variety of
measuring instruments and surgical equipment are used to monitor patients’
conditions during complex surgery.
4) Expert system is used for diagnosis. Health care
manufacturing companies use computers to aid the production of diagnostic tools
and instruments.
5)
Computers are
an integral part of laboratories and dispensaries. They are used in scanning
and diagnosing different diseases
Q13)List any 5 websites of the Indian government which provide IT enabled services to the people.
Ans- The following are the most popular
websites which provide IT enabled services to the people.
a)
https://uidai.gov.in
- Aadhaar website provides e-services to apply for new Aadhaar card, status of
Aadhaar card, download Aadhaar card or changes to Aadhaar card.
b)
https://www.indiapost.gov.in - It is used as a web portal for all postal related
services in India.
c)
https://portal1.passportindia.gov.in
- This is used to apply new or change and other passport related services.
d)
https://www.epfindia.gov.in - It is used as a web portal for all provident fund
related services in India.
e) https://www.irctc.co.in - IRCTC website is used to book rail tickets, check ticket status and many other citizen services.
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